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WHAT IS FISTULA?
A fistula is an abnormal tube-shaped connection between an organ and another structure. It can be in the form of the connection of two body cavities, such as the bladder and the vagina, or the connection of the body cavities and the skin. The term fistula is derived from the Latin word fistula, meaning tube. It is most commonly seen in and around the anus and in this case it is called anal fistula.
The second most common location is between the two intestinal segments and these are called enteroenteric fistulas. Fistulas can also be found in the rectum and vagina, intestines and skinIt is also common between the bowel and bladder.
WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF FISTULA?
In principle, it can appear on any part of the body; however, it most commonly develops in the intestine and anus. Pee Fistulas opening to various organs may develop in their paths.
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF FISTULA?
Fistula symptoms depend on where the abnormal connection is formed. In perianal fistula, there may be constant pain or swelling in the anus. A fistula between the bowel and bladder, recurrent urethra can cause infections.
Fistulas between the two parts of the intestine may not cause any symptoms. Symptoms of fistulas include pain, fever, tenderness, itching, pus, or foul-smelling discharge. Symptoms vary according to the severity and location of the fistula.
HOW IS FISTULA TREATED?
Fistula treatments vary according to their location and the severity of the symptoms. Antibiotics or other medications may be used to treat fistula-associated infection.
Enteral diet therapy can be used for enterovaginal, enterocutaneous and enterovesicular fistulas. Enteral diet is liquid nutrition given by mouth or through a feeding tube. Liquid nutrition formulas contain essential nutrients for the body and replace solid food. Not consuming solid food helps the fistula heal with less stool formation.
Some small fistulas are treated using a catheter. The fistula is emptied with the help of a catheter and the infection is tried to be controlled.
In the treatment of fistulas, fibrin glues applied by filling them can also be used. In cases that do not respond to other treatments, surgical closure or removal of the fistula may be required.
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